Economic evaluation of human albumin use in patients with nephrotic syndrome in four Brazilian public hospitals: pharmacoeconomic study.

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE:: In 2004, the Brazilian National Health Surveillance Agency (Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária, ANVISA) published a resolution establishing guidelines for albumin use. Although the published data do not indicate any definitive conclusions about the benefits of albumin use in patients with nephrotic syndrome (NS), the guidelines recommend this procedure only in cases of edema that is refractory to use of diuretics. The aim here was to analyze albumin use among patients with nephrotic syndrome. DESIGN AND SETTING:: Pharmacoeconomic study conducted in four large public referral hospitals for nephrology services in northeastern Brazil. METHOD:: Cost-effectiveness and cost-utility economic evaluations were performed on a concurrent cohort of patients with nephrotic syndrome, who were divided into two groups according to compliance or noncompliance with the guidelines. Quality-of-life data were obtained from the SF36 and CHQ-PF50 questionnaires. RESULTS:: This study enrolled 109 patients (60% adults and 56% women); 41.3% were using albumin in accordance with the guidelines. The weight, diuresis and fluid balance parameters were more cost-effective for patients who adhered to the guidelines. Regarding days of hospitalization avoided, the incremental ratio showed a daily cost of R$ 55.33, and guideline-compliant patients were hospitalized for five days or fewer. The quality of life improved by 8%, and savings of R$ 3,458.13/QALY (quality-adjusted life year) for the healthcare system were generated through guideline compliance. CONCLUSION:: The economic analyses of this study demonstrated that there were greater cost benefits for patients whose treatment followed the guidelines.

Economic evaluation of human albumin use in patients with nephrotic syndrome in four Brazilian public hospitals: pharmacoeconomic study / Avaliação econômica do uso de albumina humana em pacientes com síndrome nefrótica em quatro hospitais públicos brasileiros: estudo de farmacoeconomia

ABSTRACT CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: In 2004, the Brazilian National Health Surveillance Agency (Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária, ANVISA) published a resolution establishing guidelines for albumin use. Although the published data do not indicate any definitive conclusions about the benefits of albumin use in patients with nephrotic syndrome (NS), the guidelines recommend this procedure only in cases of edema that is refractory to use of diuretics. The aim here was to analyze albumin use among patients with nephrotic syndrome. DESIGN AND SETTING: Pharmacoeconomic study conducted in four large public referral hospitals for nephrology services in northeastern Brazil. METHOD: Cost-effectiveness and cost-utility economic evaluations were performed on a concurrent cohort of patients with nephrotic syndrome, who were divided into two groups according to compliance or noncompliance with the guidelines. Quality-of-life data were obtained from the SF36 and CHQ-PF50 questionnaires. RESULTS: This study enrolled 109 patients (60% adults and 56% women); 41.3% were using albumin in accordance with the guidelines. The weight, diuresis and fluid balance parameters were more cost-effective for patients who adhered to the guidelines. Regarding days of hospitalization avoided, the incremental ratio showed a daily cost of R$ 55.33, and guideline-compliant patients were hospitalized for five days or fewer. The quality of life improved by 8%, and savings of R$ 3,458.13/QALY (quality-adjusted life year) for the healthcare system were generated through guideline compliance. CONCLUSION: The economic analyses of this study demonstrated that there were greater cost benefits for patients whose treatment followed the guidelines.

RESUMO CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: Em 2004, a Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA) publicou uma resolução que estabelece diretrizes para o uso de albumina. Embora os dados publicados não indiquem conclusões definitivas sobre os benefícios do uso de albumina em pacientes com síndrome nefrótica (SN), a diretriz recomenda o procedimento apenas em casos de edema refratário ao uso de diuréticos. O objetivo aqui foi analisar o uso de albumina em pacientes com síndrome nefrótica. TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL: Estudo farmacoeconômico realizado em quatro grandes hospitais públicos de referência em serviços de nefrologia no nordeste do Brasil. MÉTODO: Foram realizadas avaliações econômicas do tipo custo-efetividade e custo-utilidade em uma coorte concorrente de pacientes com síndrome nefrótica, divididos em dois grupos de acordo com o cumprimento ou descumprimento das diretrizes. Dados de qualidade de vida foram obtidos a partir dos questionários SF36 e CHQ-PF50. RESULTADOS: Este estudo incluiu 109 pacientes (60% adultos e 56% mulheres); 41,3% estavam usando albumina conforme as diretrizes. Os parâmetros de peso, diurese e balanço hídrico foram mais custo-efetivos para pacientes que aderiram às diretrizes. Quanto a dias de internação evitados, a razão incremental mostrou um custo diário de R$ 55,33, sendo que os pacientes que seguiram as diretrizes ficaram cinco dias a menos internados. A qualidade de vida melhorou 8%, gerando economia de R$ 3,458.13/QALY (quality-adjusted life year) para o sistema de saúde por meio do cumprimento das diretrizes. CONCLUSÃO: As análises econômicas deste estudo demonstraram maiores benefícios em termos de custo para os pacientes cujo tratamento seguiu as diretrizes.

[Prevalence of hospital admission due to adverse drug reaction in Salvador, Bahia]. / Prevalência de admissão hospitalar por reação adversa a medicamentos em Salvador, BA.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of hospital admissions due to ADR in Salvador, Bahia and their outcomes. METHODS: All patients admitted in four Sentinel Hospital (ANVISA) in Salvador-Ba were evaluated and followed to determine the prevalence of admissions due to ADR and their outcomes from April to December 2007. Cases were validated by 03 algorithms. The drugs were classified by Anatomical-Therapeutic-Chemical Classification, organs and systems affected by the WHO criteria and severity seconds Pearson et al. Type of ADR was analyzed by Rawlins and Thompson. RESULTS: The prevalence of ADR admission was 0.5% and adjusted for exposed was 2.1%, with 316 cases. Average of hospitalization due to ADR was 12.3 days. Younger and older accounted for 28.8% and 31.1% of patients. Females and blacks were 60% of cases. Main pharmacologic groups were antineoplastics, antibiotics and diuretics, affecting skin, gastrointestinal and hematologic systems. Around 70% of the ADR was validated as defined. ADR of type A was 80% and 90% recovered, and one death (0.5%). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of ADR admission was similar to those described in the literature and only one patient died. As this is the first national study will form the basis for future investigations.

Prevalência de admissão hospitalar por reação adversa a medicamentos em Salvador, BA / Prevalence of hospital admission due to adverse drug reaction in Salvador, Bahia

OBJETIVO: Determinar a prevalência de admissão por RAM em hospitais de Salvador-BA e seus desfechos. MÉTODOS: Todos os pacientes admitidos nos quatro hospitais sentinela da Anvisa em Salvador-BA foram avaliados e seguidos para determinar a prevalência de admissão por RAM e seus desfechos de abril a dezembro de 2007. Os casos foram validados por três algorítmos. Os medicamentos foram classificados pelo Anatomical-Therapeutic-Chemical Classification, órgãos e sistemas afetados pelos critérios da OMS e a gravidade segundo Pearson et al. O tipo seguiu critérios de Rawlins e Thompson. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de admissão por RAM foi 0,56 por cento e corrigida (expostos) de 2,1 por cento, com 316 casos. Tempo médio de hospitalização por RAM foi de 12,3 dias. Jovens e idosos representaram 28,8 por cento e 31,1 por cento dos pacientes. Gênero feminino e raça negra corresponderam a 60 por cento dos casos. Os principais grupos farmacológicos envolvidos foram antineoplásicos, antibióticos e diuréticos, afetando pele, sistema gastrointestinal e hematológico. Reações certas ou provadas corresponderam 70 por cento, 80 por cento dos casos foram do tipo A, com 90 por cento recuperáveis e um óbito. CONCLUSÃO: A prevalência de admissão por RAM foi semelhante às descritas na literatura e somente um paciente foi a óbito. Por tratar-se do primeiro estudo nacional, servirá de base para futuras investigações.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of hospital admissions due to ADR in Salvador, Bahia and their outcomes. METHODS: All patients admitted in four Sentinel Hospital (ANVISA) in Salvador-Ba were evaluated and followed to determine the prevalence of admissions due to ADR and their outcomes from April to December 2007. Cases were validated by 03 algorithms. The drugs were classified by Anatomical-Therapeutic-Chemical Classification, organs and systems affected by the WHO criteria and severity seconds Pearson et al. Type of ADR was analyzed by Rawlins and Thompson. RESULTS: The prevalence of ADR admission was 0.5 percent and adjusted for exposed was 2.1 percent, with 316 cases. Average of hospitalization due to ADR was 12.3 days. Younger and older accounted for 28.8 percent and 31.1 percent of patients. Females and blacks were 60 percent of cases. Main pharmacologic groups were antineoplastics, antibiotics and diuretics, affecting skin, gastrointestinal and hematologic systems. Around 70 percent of the ADR was validated as defined. ADR of type A was 80 percent and 90 percent recovered, and one death (0.5 percent). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of ADR admission was similar to those described in the literature and only one patient died. As this is the first national study will form the basis for future investigations.